Data Catalog - R2 Storage (landbruget-data)

Data lake with 130+ datasets across bronze/silver/gold medallion layers in Cloudflare R2.

Discovering Data

Use rclone to browse R2 — never use gsutil or google.cloud.storage.

# List top-level directories
rclone lsd r2:landbruget-data/

# List datasets in a layer
rclone lsd r2:landbruget-data/bronze/
rclone lsd r2:landbruget-data/silver/
rclone lsd r2:landbruget-data/gold/

# List snapshots (timestamped subdirectories) for a dataset
rclone lsd r2:landbruget-data/silver/subsidies/

# List files in a snapshot
rclone ls r2:landbruget-data/silver/subsidies/

# Find latest snapshot for a dataset
rclone lsd r2:landbruget-data/gold/field_production_2024/ | tail -1

Important: Some folder names contain spaces (e.g., silver/animal welfare/, silver/work permits/). Always quote paths when scripting.

Reading Data with DuckDB

DuckDB with R2 auth is the primary way to query data. Use StorageAccess from backend/common/storage/core.py:

from common.storage.core import StorageAccess

storage = StorageAccess()

# Read a parquet file into DuckDB
storage.create_table_from_storage_parquet("my_table", "landbruget-data/silver/subsidies/20260401_020000/data.parquet")

# Query it
result = storage.execute_query("SELECT cvr_number, COUNT(*) FROM my_table GROUP BY cvr_number")

Or use DuckDB directly after auth setup:

import duckdb
from common.storage.filesystem import setup_duckdb_cloud_auth

conn = duckdb.connect()
setup_duckdb_cloud_auth(conn)

# Query directly from R2
result = conn.execute("""
    SELECT cvr_number, SUM(area_ha) as total_area
    FROM read_parquet('r2://landbruget-data/gold/field_production_2024/*/data.parquet')
    GROUP BY cvr_number
""").fetchdf()

Environment Variables

# R2 credentials (required)
R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<access-key>
R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<secret-key>
R2_ACCOUNT_ID=<account-id>

# Bucket name (defaults to "landbruget-data")
R2_BUCKET=landbruget-data
# Or: STORAGE_BUCKET=landbruget-data

Medallion Architecture

• bronze/ — Raw data exactly as received (133 datasets)
• silver/ — Cleaned, validated, standardized (126 datasets)
• gold/ — Analysis-ready, joined datasets (86 datasets)

Full Dataset Inventory

Bronze (133 datasets)

Category	Datasets
Fields	agricultural_blocks_{2020-2024}, agricultural_fields_{2020-2025}, fields
FVM Marker	fvm_marker_{2008-2025}, fvm_marker_smaabiotoper_{2023-2025}
FVM Markblokke	fvm_markblokke_{2005-2026}
Organic	fvm_organic_areas_{2012-2024}, fvm_organic_subsidies_{2019-2024}
Subsidies	subsidies, fvm_environmental_subsidies_{2019-2023}, fvm_grassland_subsidies_{2019-2024}
Jordbrugsanalyser	jordbrugsanalyser_markers_{2012-2024}
Cadastral/Geo	cadastral, dagi_kommuner, dagi_landsdele, dagi_postnumre, dagi_regioner, bbr_buildings
Environment	bnbo_status, wetlands, soil_types, water_projects, water_typology_* (3 datasets), grukos_* (2 datasets), fertiliser
Pesticides	pesticides, bmd, geus_dataverse_pesticides, kemidata_surface_water_pesticides
Livestock	chr, animal_welfare, animal_mortality, animal_international_movements, pig_tail_cutting, slurry_leaks, stable_fires, transportation_accidents
Companies	cvr_raw_companies, dst, dmi
Workers	arbejdstilsynet_inspections, work_permits, worker_safety

Silver (126 datasets)

Category	Datasets
Fields	fvm_marker_{2008-2025}, fvm_markblokke_{2005-2026}, fvm_smaabiotoper_{2023-2025}, fields
Organic	fvm_organic_areas_{2012-2023}, fvm_organic_subsidies_{2019-2024}
Subsidies	subsidies, fvm_environmental_subsidies_{2019-2023}, fvm_grassland_subsidies_{2019-2024}
Cadastral/Geo	cadastral, dagi_kommuner, dagi_landsdele, dagi_postnumre, dagi_regioner, bbr_buildings, dst_zone_mapping, dst_zone_mapping_reference
Environment	bnbo_status, bnbo_status_dissolved, wetlands (implied), grukos, grukos_*_dissolved (2), water_projects, water_projects_dissolved, fertiliser
Pesticides	pesticides, bmd, geus_dataverse_pesticides, geus_dataverse_pesticides_pfas
Livestock	chr, svineflytning, animal welfare, animal mortality, animal international movements, pig tail cutting, slurry leaks, stable fires, transportation accidents
Companies	cvr_companies, cvr_employment, cvr_persons, property_owners
Workers	arbejdstilsynet_inspections, work permits, worker safety
Legacy/Other	2016_* (4 datasets), gr {2015-2023} (8 datasets), fro_processed, gartn1_processed, halm1_processed, hst77_processed

Gold (86 datasets)

Category	Datasets
Field Production	field_production_{2008-2025} (18 years)
Field Analysis	field_analysis_field_bnbo_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_field_bnbo_water_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_field_grukos_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_field_wetland_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_field_wetland_water_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_soil_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_water_projects_bnbo_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_water_projects_wetlands_intersections_{2024,2025}, field_analysis_wetland_water_coverage
Environmental Analysis	field_environmental_analysis_fields_{2024,2025}, field_environmental_analysis_properties_{2024,2025}
Pesticides	pesticide_disaggregation_{2010_2011 through 2023_2024} (13 year-pairs), pesticide_proximity_{2010_2011 through 2023_2024} (13 year-pairs)
Pre-computed stages	stage0_bnbo_filtered_{2024,2025}, stage0_grukos_filtered_{2024,2025}, stage0_properties_filtered_{2024,2025}, stage0_soil_types_filtered_{2024,2025}, stage0_water_projects_filtered_{2024,2025}, stage0_wetlands_filtered_{2024,2025}
Livestock	chr_timeline_summary, chr_veterinary_timeline
Companies	cvr_enrichment, cvr_enrichment_collection, cvr_enrichment_companies, cvr_enrichment_financial, cvr_enrichment_financial_statements, cvr_enrichment_pnumbers
Cadastral	property_cadastral_merged

Other Top-Level

• api/ — API-related data
• cvr_collections/ — CVR collection data

Key Identifiers

Identifier	Format	Description	Validation
CVR	8 digits	Company registration number	^\d{8}$
CHR	6 digits	Central Husbandry Register (herd ID)	^\d{6}$
BFE	Variable	Cadastral parcel number	varies
field_id	String	Field identifier from FVM	varies
field_uuid	UUID	Unique field identifier	UUID format

Dataset Quick Reference

Okonomi (Finance)

Dataset	Path	Rows	Key Columns
Subsidies	silver/subsidies/	554K	cvr_number, tilskudsberetigt
CVR Enrichment	gold/cvr_enrichment/	varies	cvr_number, company data
Property Owners	silver/property_owners/	8.2M	CVRNummer, owner info

Landbrugsareal (Agricultural Land)

Dataset	Path	Rows	Key Columns
FVM Marker (fields)	silver/fvm_marker_{year}/	617K/year	field_id, cvr_number, crop_code, geometry
Field Production	gold/field_production_{year}/	617K/year	field_id, yield_estimate, crop_type
Cadastral	silver/cadastral/	2.16M	bfe_number, geometry

Miljo (Environment)

Dataset	Path	Rows	Key Columns
Pesticide Disaggregation	gold/pesticide_disaggregation_{year}/	1.52M	cvr_number, PesticideName, DosageQuantity
BNBO Status	silver/bnbo_status/	5.4K	geometry, status_bnbo
Wetlands	silver/wetlands/ (in bronze)	1.7M	geometry, toerv_pct

Husdyr (Livestock)

Dataset	Path	Rows	Key Columns
Svineflytning	silver/svineflytning/	1.27M	sender_chr_number, receiver_chr_number, total_animals
CHR Movements	bronze/chr/	124K	reporting_herd_number, animal_count
Animal Welfare	silver/animal welfare/	varies	chr_number

Medarbejdere (Employees)

Dataset	Path	Rows	Key Columns
Arbejdstilsynet	gold/arbejdstilsynet_inspections/	536	cvr_number, decision, severity_score
Work Permits	silver/work permits/	varies	cvr_number
Worker Safety	silver/worker safety/	varies	cvr_number

Cross-Dataset Joins

CVR-based joins (most common)

# Join subsidies with pesticides on CVR using DuckDB
conn.execute("""
    SELECT s.cvr_number, s.tilskudsberetigt, p.PesticideName
    FROM read_parquet('r2://landbruget-data/silver/subsidies/*/data.parquet') s
    JOIN read_parquet('r2://landbruget-data/gold/pesticide_disaggregation_2023_2024/*/data.parquet') p
    ON s.cvr_number = p.cvr_number
""")

Field-based joins

# Join field production with environmental analysis
conn.execute("""
    SELECT fp.field_id, fp.yield_estimate, fe.bnbo_overlap_pct
    FROM read_parquet('r2://landbruget-data/gold/field_production_2024/*/data.parquet') fp
    JOIN read_parquet('r2://landbruget-data/gold/field_environmental_analysis_fields_2024/*/data.parquet') fe
    ON fp.field_id = fe.field_id
""")

Data Update Schedule

Layer	Frequency	Notes
Bronze	Weekly (Mondays 2AM UTC)	Immutable, timestamped
Silver	After bronze update	Cleaned, validated
Gold	After silver update	Analysis-ready

Related Skills

• okonomi/ - Financial data: subsidies, property values
• landbrugsareal/ - Field and crop data: FVM marker, production
• miljo/ - Environmental data: pesticides, nitrogen, BNBO
• husdyr/ - Livestock data: CHR, movements, welfare
• medarbejdere/ - Employee data: inspections, safety

Troubleshooting

Check R2 access

rclone lsd r2:landbruget-data/

If rclone fails

Check ~/.config/rclone/rclone.conf has an [r2] section with:

• type = s3
• provider = Cloudflare
• access_key_id and secret_access_key
• endpoint pointing to your R2 account

Large Files

Use DuckDB — never load large parquet files into Pandas:

conn.execute("""
    SELECT cvr_number, SUM(area_ha) as total_area
    FROM read_parquet('r2://landbruget-data/gold/field_production_2024/*/data.parquet')
    GROUP BY cvr_number
""").fetchdf()

CRS

All geometry stored in EPSG:4326 (WGS84) in Supabase. Bronze/Silver/Gold processing uses EPSG:25832 (UTM 32N).