Dispatching Parallel Agents

Coordinate multiple AI agents to execute tasks simultaneously, maximizing development velocity while preventing conflicts. This is the core skill for multi-agent collaboration.

When to Use

• 2+ independent tasks can be worked on simultaneously
• No shared state between tasks (different files/modules)
• Total work > 2 hours and parallelization is beneficial
• Overnight execution where multiple agents can run unattended

Agent Capability Matrix

Model Backgrounds & Strengths

Agent	Model	Background	Best For	Cost	Speed
Antigravity	Claude Opus 4.5	Deep reasoning, planning	Architecture, coordination, complex debugging	💰💰💰	🐢
Amp	Claude Sonnet 4.5	Accuracy, low hallucination	Code review, quality assurance	💰💰	🐇
Codex	GPT-5.2 Codex	Patient execution	Detailed refactoring, overnight tasks, React	💰💰	🐢
GLM	GLM-4.7	Speed, Chinese, cost	Large code generation, repetitive tasks	💰	🐇🐇
MiniMax	MiniMax	Type-safe, structured	Theme systems, type definitions	💰	🐇
Grok	xAI Grok	Real-time search	Research, API docs, best practices	💰💰	🐇

Performance Benchmarks (2025-2026)

GLM-4.7:
  - SWE-bench: 73.8%
  - LiveCodeBench-v6: 84.9% (open-source #1)
  - Cost: ~15% of Claude

Codex (GPT-5.2):
  - First-try success: 37%
  - With retries: 70.2%
  - Development speedup: 2-3x

Claude Sonnet 4.5:
  - Accuracy: Highest tier
  - Hallucination rate: Lowest
  - Large codebase understanding: Excellent

RALPH Loop Integration

The RALPH loop (Read → Analyze → Learn → Plan → Hypothesize) integrates with multi-agent workflow:

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ RALPH LOOP                                                          │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                     │
│  ┌──────┐   ┌─────────┐   ┌───────┐   ┌──────┐   ┌────────────┐   │
│  │ READ │ → │ ANALYZE │ → │ LEARN │ → │ PLAN │ → │ HYPOTHESIZE│   │
│  └──────┘   └─────────┘   └───────┘   └──────┘   └────────────┘   │
│      ↑                                                     │       │
│      └─────────────── Feedback Loop ──────────────────────┘       │
│                                                                     │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ MULTI-AGENT DISPATCH PHASE                                          │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                     │
│  After PLAN: Antigravity decomposes into parallel tasks             │
│                                                                     │
│  ┌────────────────┐   ┌────────────────┐   ┌────────────────┐      │
│  │ Agent A (Codex)│   │ Agent B (GLM)  │   │ Agent C (Mini) │      │
│  │ Task Guide A   │   │ Task Guide B   │   │ Task Guide C   │      │
│  │ Files: A/*     │   │ Files: B/*     │   │ Files: C/*     │      │
│  └───────┬────────┘   └───────┬────────┘   └───────┬────────┘      │
│          │                    │                    │                │
│          └────────────────────┼────────────────────┘                │
│                               ↓                                     │
│                    ┌──────────────────┐                             │
│                    │ Antigravity      │                             │
│                    │ Reviews & Merges │                             │
│                    └──────────────────┘                             │
│                               ↓                                     │
│                    Back to READ (next iteration)                    │
│                                                                     │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Conflict Prevention Strategies

1. File-Level Isolation

Principle: Each agent owns exclusive files/directories.

❌ BAD: Both agents edit same file
   Agent A: components/Header.tsx (lines 1-50)
   Agent B: components/Header.tsx (lines 51-100)
   Result: Merge conflicts guaranteed

✅ GOOD: Agents own different files
   Agent A: components/Header.tsx, api/stocks.ts
   Agent B: themes/*.ts, stores/theme.store.ts
   Result: Clean merge

2. Dependency Ordering

Principle: Infrastructure before features, types before implementation.

Phase 1 (Foundation) - Must complete first:
  └── types/theme.ts [GLM]
  └── api/client.ts [Codex]

Phase 2 (Implementation) - Can parallelize after Phase 1:
  ├── themes/dark.theme.ts [GLM]
  ├── themes/pixel.theme.ts [GLM]  
  ├── api/stocks.ts [Codex]
  └── api/watchlist.ts [Codex]

Phase 3 (Integration) - After Phase 2:
  └── components/ThemeSwitcher.tsx [Any]

3. Contract-First Development

Principle: Define interfaces before implementation.

// Define contract FIRST (in shared types file)
interface Theme {
  id: string;
  name: string;
  colors: ThemeColors;
}

// Then agents implement independently
// Agent A: implements getTheme(id) → Theme
// Agent B: implements <ThemeSwitcher themes={Theme[]} />

4. Task Boundary Markers

Include clear ownership in task guides:

### Task: Theme Store Implementation

**Owner**: MiniMax
**Files OWNED** (exclusive write):
  - stores/theme.store.ts
  - themes/registry.ts

**Files READ-ONLY** (for reference):
  - types/theme.ts
  - tokens.css

**Do NOT touch**:
  - components/* (Codex owns these)

Real-World Example: DragonFly Parallel Execution

Scenario: Codex + MiniMax Working Simultaneously

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ TIME: 2026-01-20 15:17                                           │
│ User: "让 Codex 干 UI 优化，让 MiniMax 干主题系统"                 │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                  │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────┐                             │
│  │ CODEX: UI-POLISH-COMBINED.md   │                             │
│  │ ─────────────────────────────── │                             │
│  │ Owns:                           │                             │
│  │ - components/LeftPane.tsx       │                             │
│  │ - components/StockChart.tsx     │                             │
│  │ - components/RightPane.tsx      │                             │
│  │ - styles/tokens.css (shadows)   │                             │
│  │                                 │                             │
│  │ Tasks:                          │                             │
│  │ ✅ BF-001: Name display fix     │                             │
│  │ ✅ UI-001: Sidebar modernize    │                             │
│  │ ✅ UI-003: Chart controls       │                             │
│  │ ✅ UI-005: AI input glow        │                             │
│  └─────────────────────────────────┘                             │
│                  ↓                                                │
│             (Running ~2.5h)                                       │
│                  ↓                                                │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────┐                             │
│  │ MINIMAX: GLM-P1-THEME-GUIDE.md │                             │
│  │ ─────────────────────────────── │                             │
│  │ Owns:                           │                             │
│  │ - types/theme.ts                │                             │
│  │ - themes/*.theme.ts             │                             │
│  │ - themes/registry.ts            │                             │
│  │ - stores/theme.store.ts         │                             │
│  │ - hooks/useTheme.ts             │                             │
│  │                                 │                             │
│  │ Tasks:                          │                             │
│  │ ✅ G-001: Theme types           │                             │
│  │ ✅ G-002-005: 4 themes          │                             │
│  │ ✅ G-008: Zustand store         │                             │
│  │ ✅ G-010: ThemeSwitcher         │                             │
│  └─────────────────────────────────┘                             │
│                  ↓                                                │
│             (Running ~2.5h)                                       │
│                  ↓                                                │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ TIME: 2026-01-20 19:17 (4 hours later)                           │
│                                                                  │
│ RESULT: Both complete, pnpm check passes ✅                      │
│         No merge conflicts                                       │
│         4 themes working + UI improvements                       │
│                                                                  │
│ NEXT: Antigravity reviews → Creates Round 2 fixes               │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Post-Merge Review Findings

After parallel execution, Antigravity reviews and creates new tasks:

## Review Findings → Round 2 Tasks

| Issue Found | New Task | Assignee |
|-------------|----------|----------|
| Search dropdown behavior | FIX-001: Keyboard navigation | Codex |
| Button position blocks price | FIX-002: Move to left toolbar | Codex |
| Period buttons are mock | FIX-003: Connect to backend | Codex |
| Cyberpunk theme glitch | FIX-005: Border rendering | MiniMax |
| Dark theme input colors | FIX-006: Use CSS variables | Codex |

Task Guide Template for Parallel Execution

# [Task Group Name]

> **Executor**: Codex / GLM / MiniMax
> **Estimated Time**: X hours
> **Parallel Group**: A / B / C  ← Indicates parallel execution group

---

## ⚠️ Ownership Declaration

### Files I OWN (exclusive write access):
- `path/to/file1.ts`
- `path/to/file2.tsx`
- `path/to/directory/*`

### Files I READ (no modifications):
- `types/*.ts`
- `styles/tokens.css`

### Files FORBIDDEN (another agent owns):
- `themes/*` (MiniMax owns)
- `api/*` (Codex owns)

---

## Tasks

### T-001: First Task
...

---

## Verification

\`\`\`bash
pnpm check  # Type safety
pnpm dev    # Visual check
\`\`\`

## Problem Log

If blocked, document here immediately:
- [x] Problem: ...
- [x] Workaround: ...
- [ ] Needs human decision: ...

Dispatch Decision Tree

                    ┌─────────────────┐
                    │  New Task Set   │
                    └────────┬────────┘
                             │
                    ┌────────▼────────┐
                    │ Can parallelize? │
                    └────────┬────────┘
                             │
            ┌────────────────┼────────────────┐
            │                │                │
           YES              DEPENDS           NO
            │                │                │
  ┌─────────▼─────────┐     │       ┌────────▼────────┐
  │ Check file overlap │     │       │ Sequential exec │
  └─────────┬─────────┘     │       │ (use best agent)│
            │               │       └─────────────────┘
    ┌───────┴───────┐       │
    │               │       │
   NONE          OVERLAP    │
    │               │       │
    ▼               ▼       ▼
┌───────────┐  ┌───────────┐  ┌───────────┐
│ Dispatch  │  │ Split by  │  │ Phase into│
│ to agents │  │ files/dirs│  │ sequential│
└───────────┘  └───────────┘  └───────────┘

Best Practices

1. Always declare file ownership in task guides
2. Types/interfaces first to establish contracts
3. No shared mutable state between parallel agents
4. Batch reviews after parallel work completes
5. Quick iteration cycles - don't let issues accumulate
6. Visual verification with agent-browser for UI work
7. pnpm check gate - mandatory before considering done
8. Problem logging - agents must document blockers immediately

Anti-Patterns to Avoid

❌ Two agents editing same component
❌ Agent A depends on Agent B's in-progress work
❌ No ownership declaration in task guides
❌ Skipping type definitions before implementation
❌ Long parallel runs without checkpoints
❌ No verification commands in task guides

Communication Templates

Dispatching to Agent

请阅读并执行 tasks/epics/{epic}/codex/TASK-GUIDE.md

这是与 {other-agent} 并行执行的任务。
你负责的文件: {list}
禁止修改: {other-agent's files}

Agent Status Report

## Status: [Agent Name]

### Completed
- ✅ T-001: Description
- ✅ T-002: Description

### In Progress
- 🔄 T-003: Description (eta: 30min)

### Blocked
- ⚠️ T-004: Need backend API for X

### Files Modified
- `path/to/file1.ts` (new)
- `path/to/file2.tsx` (modified)

### Verification
\`\`\`
pnpm check → ✅ Pass
\`\`\`