/*
 * I2C Communication Pattern Example
 * 
 * Demonstrates I2C bus scanning and device detection with:
 * - 7-bit address scanning (0x08-0x77)
 * - Board-specific SDA/SCL pin configuration
 * - Error detection and reporting
 * - Common device identification
 * 
 * Generated by: arduino-code-generator
 * Pattern: I2C Communication
 * License: MIT
 */

#include <Wire.h>

// === Board Configuration ===
#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
  #define BOARD_NAME "Arduino UNO"
  #define SDA_PIN A4
  #define SCL_PIN A5
  #define SERIAL_BAUD 9600
#elif defined(ESP32)
  #define BOARD_NAME "ESP32"
  #define SDA_PIN 21
  #define SCL_PIN 22
  #define SERIAL_BAUD 115200
#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_RP2040)
  #define BOARD_NAME "RP2040"
  #define SDA_PIN 4
  #define SCL_PIN 5
  #define SERIAL_BAUD 115200
#else
  #define BOARD_NAME "Generic"
  #define SERIAL_BAUD 9600
#endif

// === Common I2C Device Addresses ===
struct KnownDevice {
  uint8_t address;
  const char* name;
};

const KnownDevice knownDevices[] = {
  {0x20, "MCP23017 GPIO Expander"},
  {0x27, "PCF8574 LCD Backpack"},
  {0x3C, "SSD1306 OLED Display"},
  {0x3D, "SSD1306 OLED Display (Alt)"},
  {0x48, "ADS1115 ADC"},
  {0x50, "AT24C EEPROM"},
  {0x57, "AT24C32 EEPROM"},
  {0x68, "DS1307 RTC / MPU6050 IMU"},
  {0x76, "BMP280 Sensor"},
  {0x77, "BMP280 Sensor (Alt)"}
};

const size_t knownDeviceCount = sizeof(knownDevices) / sizeof(knownDevices[0]);

// === Helper Functions ===
const char* identifyDevice(uint8_t address) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i < knownDeviceCount; i++) {
    if (knownDevices[i].address == address) {
      return knownDevices[i].name;
    }
  }
  return "Unknown Device";
}

void scanI2CBus() {
  Serial.println(F("\nScanning I2C bus..."));
  Serial.println(F("Addr  Status    Device Name"));
  Serial.println(F("----  --------  ---------------------"));
  
  uint8_t devicesFound = 0;
  
  for (uint8_t address = 0x08; address < 0x78; address++) {
    Wire.beginTransmission(address);
    uint8_t error = Wire.endTransmission();
    
    if (error == 0) {
      // Device found
      Serial.print(F("0x"));
      if (address < 16) Serial.print(F("0"));
      Serial.print(address, HEX);
      Serial.print(F("  Found     "));
      Serial.println(identifyDevice(address));
      devicesFound++;
    }
    else if (error == 4) {
      // Unknown error
      Serial.print(F("0x"));
      if (address < 16) Serial.print(F("0"));
      Serial.print(address, HEX);
      Serial.println(F("  Error     Unknown I2C error"));
    }
  }
  
  Serial.println(F("----  --------  ---------------------"));
  Serial.print(F("Total devices found: "));
  Serial.println(devicesFound);
  
  if (devicesFound == 0) {
    Serial.println(F("\nNo I2C devices detected!"));
    Serial.println(F("Check wiring:"));
    Serial.print(F("  SDA -> Pin "));
    Serial.println(SDA_PIN);
    Serial.print(F("  SCL -> Pin "));
    Serial.println(SCL_PIN);
    Serial.println(F("  VCC -> 3.3V or 5V"));
    Serial.println(F("  GND -> GND"));
  }
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);
  while (!Serial && millis() < 3000);
  
  Serial.println(F("\n=== I2C Scanner Example ==="));
  Serial.print(F("Board: "));
  Serial.println(F(BOARD_NAME));
  
  #if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
    Wire.begin();
  #else
    Wire.begin(SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN);
  #endif
  
  Wire.setClock(100000); // 100kHz standard mode
  
  Serial.print(F("I2C Clock: 100 kHz\n"));
  Serial.print(F("SDA Pin: "));
  Serial.println(SDA_PIN);
  Serial.print(F("SCL Pin: "));
  Serial.println(SCL_PIN);
  
  scanI2CBus();
}

void loop() {
  static unsigned long lastScan = 0;
  const unsigned long SCAN_INTERVAL_MS = 10000; // Scan every 10 seconds
  
  if (millis() - lastScan >= SCAN_INTERVAL_MS) {
    lastScan = millis();
    scanI2CBus();
  }
}